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12. What is a short squeeze?

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During a short squeeze, the price of an asset rises, because there is a lot of demand from many traders at the same time.

12. What is a short squeeze?
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During a short squeeze, the price of an asset rises, because there is a lot of demand from many traders at the same time. It comes after a period of price decline (during which people have been consistently selling). 

Definitions 

Short selling 

Short sellers expect that the price of an asset will fall. They “borrow” the asset at T=0 and promise to return it back at T=1 (at T=1 they buy the asset from the market to return it to the lender). If they’re right, they return the asset and pocket the difference between the price at T=0 and the price at T=1. If they’re wrong, they’re forced to buy at a higher price at T=1 and pay the difference between the price they’ve set at T=0 and its sale price at T=1.

Short exit 

The moment when a short seller buys the asset in order to return it to the lender. 

What is a short squeeze? 

When there is positive news in the market, traders expect that prices of an asset will rise. If this happens between T=0 and T=1, they get scared that they will have to pay very high prices at T=1 when they’d have to exit their short positions. So, short sellers exit their positions earlier if there is positive news in the market.

A short squeeze happens then a lot of short sellers exit their shorts at the same time. This means that there is a lot of buying activity introduced in the market simulateneously. As we know, more buying drives prices upwards. 

So, at the end of the day, we are left with

  • positive market news pushing prices up;
  • a lot of short exits at the same time, so a lot of buying activity at the same time, boosting prices up even more.

What is the short squeeze from April 2024 ?

As gas plants came under attack in Ukraine, gas prices increased a lot within a short timeframe, in turn driving up EUA prices. As a reminder, the introduction of additional RepowerEU volumes and negative clean spreads have led to increased short selling activity. Therefore, when news emerged last week that boosted EUA prices, it triggered a short squeeze, further propelling EUA prices upwards.

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